Pages best viewed with 1024 x 768 pixels resolution   SOME SPECIES OF THE BRAZILIAN FAUNA     Brazil is the third country in the world rich in mammals species being Indonesia and Mexico the first two. There are about 460 species of Brazilian mammals that are known. About 130 species among these live in the Mata Atlântica (Atlantic Forest) area and 50 of these mammals are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, that is, they can only be found in this area, not anywhere else. Unfortunately, about 58 species of Brazilian mammals are endangered and 14 of these live in the Atlantic Forest. The Atlantic Forest stretches along Brazil's Atlantic coast. It has an extremely diverse and unique mix of vegetation and forest types. The region is now designated a World Biosphere Reserve, which contains a large number of highly endangered species including the well known golden lion tamarins. It has been extensively cleared since colonial times, mainly for the farming of sugar cane and for urban settlements. The remnant is estimated to be less than 10% of the original and that is often broken into hilltop islands. The Atlantic Forest is one of the richest and, unfortunately, one of the most rapidly disappearing ecosystems in the world. Two of the world's largest cities in Brazil, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, lie within the Atlantic Forests ecoregion. In a recent study, just 2.5 acres (one hectare) of the forest were found to have 450 different species of trees. Urbanization, industrialization, logging, agricultural expansion, and associated road building threaten this globally important region of biological diversity. Habitat loss, hunting, and the wildlife trade unfortunately threaten many species. Read more about the Mata Atlântica HERE and HERE. The Brazilian fauna is very beautiful and diverse. Unfortunately, Brazil occupies the 3rd position in the rank of the countries with the largest number of endangered primates, being Madagascar and Vietnam the first two, each with 4 species of endangered primates. Brazil has 3 species of primates that are critically endangered: the Leonthopitecus caissara (Superagui Lion Tamarin), Cebus xanthosternos (Yellow-breasted Capuchin) and Brachyteles hypoxanthus (Northern Muriqui), all endemic species to the Atlantic Forest. Among the most endangered species of birds are the Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (Hyacinth Macaw) and the Anodorhynchus leari (Lear's Macaw), being the last one an endemic species to Brazil. The Trichechus inunguis (Amazon Manatee) is the most endangered aquatic mammal in Brazil. The species is endemic to the Amazon River Basin and the Orinoco River.     Mammals   The Golden Lion Tamarin, is the most known of the four species of lion tamarins, however, the Superagui Lion Tamarin is the one that exist is less number in nature and is the most threatened of extinction The Mico-leão-de-cara-preta - Superagui Lion Tamarin or Black-faced Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus caissara) is a small New World primate of the Cebidae family. It is an endemic Brazilian lion tamarin, found in a small area in the Brazilian coast, called Superagüi. Among the four species of lion tamarins, the Superagui Lion Tamarin is the one that exist is less number in nature and is the most threatened of extinction. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Callitrichidae Leontopithecus caissara Species Authority: Lorini & Persson, 1990 Popular Name: Mico-leão-de-cara-preta (Superagui Lion Tamarin) Situation: Critically Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000)  The Superagui Lion Tamarin was found in 1990, on the Superagüi Island, located on the north of the state of Paraná (south of Brazil). The species has a golden fur with a black fur on the face, thus its name: Black-faced Lion Tamarin. It is estimated that only 400 individuals exist in the wild, divided between two populations: one on the island of Superagüi and another in the continental region of the Rio dos Patos valley (PR) and Ariri plains (SP). They are small primates that on average measure 30 centimeters in length (excluding the tail, which is the same length as the body) and weigh around 600 grams. Their habits are not different from the rest of the tamarins. They live in familiar groups of approximately 5 members. The family group consists of the mother-father and their offsprings. Usually the female gives birth once a year to a set of twins, that are then looked after by the entire group. They feed on fruits, insects, mushrooms, small vertebrates, and, less commonly, tree sap and floral nectar. At night, the group takes shelter in hollow tree trunks or in clusters of lianas and bromeliads, where they can be comfortable and protected.     The Mico-leão-preto - Black Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is endemic to Brazil’s Atlantic forest, being found in a number of isolated populations in the interior of the state of São Paulo. These are small primates with a head and body length of about 30 cm, and a tail length of another 35 cm. They weigh between 600g. They are glossy black in color, except for their rump, upper thighs and tail base, which are usually golden or reddish. They spend most of their time in the middle levels of the forest at a height of 7-15m. At night the whole group sleeps together in a tree hole or a tangle of vines. They live in family groups consisting of a breeding pair and their offspring. When the young are finally ready to breed they leave the family and seek a mate within another group. The new couple will then establish a family for themselves, separate from both their parental families. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Callitrichidae Leontopithecus chrysopygus Species Authority: Mikan, 1823 Popular Name: Mico-leão-preto (Black Lion Tamarin) Situation: Critically Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000) In the past, because the black lion tamarin had not been seen for several decades, some believed it had gone extinct. However, in 1970, the renowned Brazilian primatologist Adelmar F. Coimbra-Filho discovered a viable population in the forests of the 34,156-hectare Morro do Diabo State Park (Reserva Estadual do Morro do Diabo), in Teodoro Sampaio, and soon thereafter another in the Caitetus State Ecological Station (Reserva Biológica dos Caitetus), in Gália, both in the state of São Paulo, where these animals are protected. Subsequent field studies by primatologist Claudio Padua have estimated the Morro do Diabo population at more than 800 animals, and have identified a number of other populations and on privately-held forested lands, bringing the total wild population to more than 900. Intensive management of these wild populations and more than 100 animals in captivity will be necessary to ensure the survival of the black lion tamarin. See pictures and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth)     The Mico-leão-de-cara-dourada - Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is endemic to the south of Bahia. It has a restricted range (area of occupancy estimated at less than 500 km2). The species endure constant threats of habitat loss and habitat fragmentation because of the severe deforestation occurring in Brazil's Atlantic forest. There is much conservation and research in and around its key protected area the Una Biological Reserve (Reserva Biológica de Una). The golden-headed lion tamarin is a small, squirrel-sized monkey, about 26 cm long with a 35 cm tail and long golden lion-like mane. It is predominantly black with golden fur to the front of the mane, the lower half of the front paws and part of the tail. The face, hands and feet remain bare. The feet have sharp claws that are useful for gripping and climbing branches and also for grabbing their insect meals. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Callitrichidae Leontopithecus chrysomelas Species Authority: Kuhl, 1820 Popular Name: Mico-leão-de-cara-dourada (Golden-headed Lion Tamarin) Situation: Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000) During the day the golden-headed lion tamarins roam their territory looking for food. Their diet consists of sweet pulpy fruits, insects and small lizards. They are fond of small invertebrates that live in pools of rainwater, collected in bromeliad cups in the upper forest canopy. They will also feed on the forest floor, rummaging through the leaf-litter in search for insects. In the evening the tamarins return to their nest, usually a hole in a hollow tree. The entrance hole to the nest is too small for most nocturnal predators of the region, so they can sleep safely. Picture taken by me at Rio's Zoo in 2005. The species lives in small family groups of about 4 or 5 animals, consisting of a breeding pair and their youngest offspring. The young will stay with their parents after they are weaned and will help their parents raise the newest young. The parents have a strong pair-bond and will stay with each other for life. In the past, the tamarins were thought to be carriers of human diseases such as yellow fever and malaria - and were killed for this reason. See pictures and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth)     The Mico-leão-dourado - Golden Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia), is a small New World monkey (The New World monkeys are the four families of primates that are found in Central and South America: the Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae) of the family Cebidae. Native to the humid coastal forests of Brazil, the Golden Lion Tamarin is an endangered species and among the rarest animals in the world, with an estimated wild population of 1,000 individuals and a captive population of approximately 500. The Golden-headed lion tamarin is a small, squirrel-sized monkey, about 20-26 cm long with a 35 cm tail. Its long silky golden fur frames its face in a mane-like fashion giving it its name. The body is covered in this golden fur and the face, hands and feet remain bare. The feet have sharp claws, useful for gripping and climbing branches as well as for grabbing their insect meals. These omnivorous animals eat insects, fruits, flowers, spiders, snakes and lizards. During the day they roam their territory looking for food. In the evening they return to their nest, usually a hole in a hollow tree or a tangle of vines. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Callitrichidae Leontopithecus rosalia Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1766 Popular Name: Mico-leão-dourado (Golden Lion Tamarin) Situation: Critically Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000) Found only in Rio de Janeiro They live in small family groups of about 4 or 5 animals, consisting of a breeding pair and their youngest offspring. The young stay with their parents after they are weaned and help them raise the newest young. The parents have a strong pair-bond and stay with each other for life. The dominant female gives birth to one or two infants after a gestation period of about 130 days. Picture taken by me at Rio's Zoo in 2001. In the past, tamarins were thought by some people to be carriers of human diseases such as yellow fever and malaria, and were killed for this reason. By contrast, they were also kept by others as laboratory animals and even exotic pets. Most of the wild population is confined to the Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, a protected area of swampy forests in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It is an important bastion of the Golden Lion Tamarin, as only 2% of forests in the monkey's original range remains. Read more about the Golden Lion Tamarin HERE. (Associação Mico-Leão-Dourado) See pictures and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth)     The Macaco-prego-do-peito-amarelo - Yellow-breasted Capuchin (Cebus xanthosternos) is one of several species of New World monkeys. It is endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Capuchins were named after capuchin monks because the dark fur that forms a cap on their heads. Capuchin monkeys are one of the most intelligent and adaptable of all South American primates. These qualities allow them to exploit many habitats. In contrast, they are more vulnerable to environmental change. Although the precise limits of the distribution of the species are unkown, historicallly the species would have originally inhabited the entire area west of, and north to, the São Francisco River (in the states of Bahia and Sergipe) and, south to the Jequitinhonha River (in Bahia and north of Minas Gerais). Today, these monekys found their greatest refugee in the Reserva Biológica de Una (Una Biological Reserve), in Bahia, with a population of only 185 individuals. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Cebidae Cebus xanthosternos Species Authority: Wied-Neuwied, 1826 Popular Name: Macaco-prego-do-peito-amarelo (Yellow-breasted Capuchin) Situation: Critically Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000) Picture taken by in 2005. The species is critically endangered due to the destruction of its natural inhabitat and hunting. In a global scale, the species is one of the most critically endangered in the world. The zoos keep yellow-breasted capuchins primarily for conservation breeding. An International Committee for the Conservation and Management connected to the Brazilian Institute for the Environment (IBAMA) was set up for this species to promote field studies and organize a captive population from the numerous individuals kept as pets. See photos and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth)     The Muriqui or Mono-carvoeiro - Southern Muriqui or Woolly Spider Monkey (Brachyteles arachnoides) is considered the biggest primate of the American continent, endemic to the Atlantic Forest of the south-east of Brazil. It is found in the Brazilian states of Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais. This New World monkey is known locally as Mono Carvoeiro, which translates to Charcoal Monkey. In the late 1980s, the wooly spider monkey was recognised as two distinct species: the southern (Brachyteles arachnoides) and northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus). The species is threatened by commercial logging companies in privately owned forests and by illegal hunting in the federally or state-owned forests. According the the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, it was previously assessed as Critically Endangered (2000). With better information about this species, it has now been downlisted to Endangered. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Atelidae Brachyteles arachnoides Species Authority: É. Geoffroy, 1806 Popular Name: Mono carvoeiro or Muriqui (Southern Muriqui) Situation: Endangered (EN C2a(i)) on the IUCN Red List 2003. The muriquis are arboreal and active during the day. They live in groups that may number between 5 and 25 individuals. Females tend to give birth to a single offspring in the dry season that runs between May and September. They eat young leaves, fruits and seeds. They spend 3/4 of the day resting. They can jump up to 10 meters on the top of the trees. Known total population does not exceed 1,000 (Strier and Fonseca 1996/1997). See photos and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth)     The Macaco aranha (also known in Portuguese as coatá de cara vermelha) - Red-faced black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus) can be found in tropical forests from southern Mexico, south to Bolivia and Brazil. In the national territory, these animals can be found in the states of Amapá, north of Pará, south-west of Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia and north-west of Mato Grosso. They can be totally black or with a redish face. They have a small head and long arm and legs. These monkeys are threatened by habitat destruction through continued growth in South American agriculture. Forming loose groups of 15-25 individuals, spider monkeys are highly agile. During the day, spider monkey groups break up into smaller subgroups of 2-8 individuals. The size of subgroups and the degree to which they will avoid each other during the day is determined by food competition and the risk of predation. Class Mammalia - Order Primates - Family Cebidae Ateles paniscus Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1758 Popular Name: Macaco aranha (Spider Monkey) Situation: Lower Risk (Hilton-Taylor 2000) Pictures were taken at Rio's Zoo in 2005 and 2008. Spider monkeys are diurnal and spend the night in carefully selected sleeping trees. Groups are thought to be directed by a lead female who is responsible for planning an efficient route for the day's feeding activities. They may live for 20 years or more.     The Tamanduá-bandeira - Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is widespread, inhabiting Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. It can be found in the whole national territory. They are preyed upon by Pumas and Jaguars. In captivity, they can live up to 25 years. Their extinction is due to the destruction of their natural inhabitat. Giant anteaters are predominantly solitary, except for mothers and their offspring. A single offspring is produced after a 190-day gestation period. They are carried on their mother's back. Young are weaned after 2 months, although they may continue to be carried on their mother's back until they are 9 months old. Recently, females have been discovered to occasionally produce a second infant, carrying the newborn on the back whilst accompanied by the older infant on foot. There is considerable regional variation in behaviour of giant anteaters. In some areas, they are largely nocturnal, but in other regions they are active mainly during the day. They are almost blind, but have a very keen sense of smell. An individual may eat up to 30,000 ants a day. Class Mammalia - Order Pilosa - Superorder Xenarthra - Family Myrmecophagidae Myrmecophaga tridactyla Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1758 Popular Name: Tamanduá-bandeira (Giant Anteater) Situation: Near Threatened (NT) - IUCN Red List 2006.     Picture © Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Class Mammalia - Class Mammalia - Order Pilosa - Superorder Xenarthra - Family Bradypodidae Bradypus variegatus Species Authority: Schinz, 1825 Popular Name: Bicho-preguiça (Sloth) Situation: Lower Risk/least concern (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) The Bicho-Preguiça - Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth (Bradypus variegatus) is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is the most widespreaded and common species of the group, being found in many different kinds of environments, including evergreen and dry forests and in highly perturbed natural areas. It is a solitary, nocturnal and diurnal animal, feeding on leaves of many species of trees. The female of the species is known to emit a loud, shrill scream during the mating season to attract males. This scream has been remarked to sound exactly like that of a woman screaming. Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, its occurrence in a number of protected areas, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.     The Lobo-guará - Maned Wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) is the largest canid of South America, resembling a dog with reddish fur. It measures up to 1,45 m and weighs around 23kg. They have dark brown hair up to 3 months old, then it changes to a redish-brown color with dark legs and light tail. It is considered the most beautiful canid of South America. Found in central South America, from north-eastern Brazil, south through Paraguay and west into Peru. Also found in small areas of Argentina and Bolivia, and historically in areas of Uruguay before becoming extinct there in the 19th century. They are found in low densities throughout the range and, in some areas of central Brazil, they appear to be more common. However, increasing habitat fragmentation may threaten the viability of wild populations. They hunt at night, with activity peaks at dusk and dawn, and rests during the day in areas of thick bush cover. Their diet consists of a wide variety of fruits and small mammals, such as armadillos and rabbits, but also includes occasional pampas deer, birds, reptiles, insects, fish and arthropods. Class Mammalia - Order Carnivora - Family Canidae Chrysocyon brachyurus Species Authority: Illiger, 1815 Popular Name: Lobo-guará (Maned Wolf) Situation: Near Threatened (NT) - IUCN Red List 2004 Picture were taken by me at Rio's Zoo in 2005. At present it is not known how many maned wolves remain in the wild. The main threat to the maned wolf is habitat loss, especially due to conversion to agricultural land. Habitat fragmentation also causes isolation of subpopulations. In addition, many maned wolves are killed on roads, they are susceptible to disease transferred from domestic dogs and they may also compete with dogs for food. The Maned Wolf is shy and flees when alarmed, and it poses little direct threat to man. Maned wolves are well represented in captivity and have been bred successfully at a number of zoos. They can live up to 15 years in captivity.     The Onça pintada - Jaguar (Panthera onca) is the largest cat of the Americas and a formidable predator. Jaguars vary considerably in size in different regions, but genetic studies indicate that there are no subspecies. Jaguars found in the dense forested areas of the Amazon Basin are generally smaller and darker in colour than those found in more open terrain. Based on estimates of density and geographic range (Nowell and Jackson 1996), the Jaguar's total effective population size is estimated at below 50,000 mature breeding individuals, with a declining trend due to persecution and degradation of its habitat and prey base, and may possibly qualify as Vulnerable if these trends persist. In Brazil, they can be found in the whole national territory, except in the North-East. The highest population densities of up to one per 15 km² are found in the lowland rainforests of the Amazon Basin. Although this refuge is of sufficient size to conserve the species for the foreseeable future, jaguar populations are considered to be declining in most other habitats. Class Mammalia - Order Carnivora - Family Felidae Panthera onca Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1758 Popular Name: Onça pintada (Jaguar) Situation: Lower Risk/near threatened (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) Picture were taken by me at Rio's Zoo in 2006. They are good swimmers and easily climb trees. Their habits are both diurnal and nocturnal habits. They hunt both during the day and night. Their preys include capybaras, veados, tartarugas, cágados, jacarés, aves, peixes, preguiças e cutias. They frequently attack domestical animals and dogs. Jaguars are solitary animals, males and females only coming together in order to mate. The female gives birth to a litter size of one to four cubs after a gestation period of 91 to 111 days. Young are dependent on their mother for up to two years, after which time they disperse to find their own territory.     The Gato-maracajá - Margay (Leopardus wiedii) is a spotted cat native to Central and South America. It is a solitary nocturnal animal that prefers remote sections of the rainforest. It roams the rainforests from Mexico to Argentina. The Margay is considered a small animal, measuring about 42 to 62 cm in length, and from 30 to 48 cm in height, their weight vary from 2 to 5 kg and the tail measures from 33 to 51 cm. Their life spam is 13 years, but in captivity they can live up to 21 years. They are very similar to the Ocelot, although the head is a bit shorter, the tail is longer, and the spotted pattern on the tail is different. Of the eight species of Brazilian felines, the gato-maracajá (Leopardus wiedii), gato-do-mato grande (Felis geoffroyi), gato-do-mato pequeno (Leopardus tigrina), gato-palheiro (Lynchailurus colocolo), gato-mourisco (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) and jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) are less known. The jaguar (Panthera onca) and the ocelot (Felis pardalis) are the best known species of Brazilian felines. Class Mammalia - Order Carnivora - Family Felidae Leopardus wiedii Species Authority: Schinz, 1821 Popular Name: Gato-maracajá (Margay) Situation: Lower Risk/least concern (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) Although the margay was once believed to be vulnerable to extinction, the IUCN now lists it as "Least Concern". Based on estimates of density and geographic range (Nowell and Jackson 1996), the margay's total effective population size is estimated at greater than 50,000 mature breeding individuals, but with a declining trend due to degradation of its habitat and prey base.     Class Mammalia - Order Carnivora - Family Mustelidae Pteronura brasiliensis Species Authority: Gmelin, 1788 Popular Name: Ariranha (Giant Otter) Situation: Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000) The Ariranhas - Giant Otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) are one of South America's top predators and the biggest otters found in other parts of the world and they can grow as long as a tall man (males can reach up to 1,80m). The species is endemic to South America, although absent from Argentina, Uruguay and Chile, the giant otter is seen within the Orinoco, Amazon and La Plata River systems. The long sinuous body is covered with velvety, reddish-brown fur, with a patch of cream colouring on the throat and chin. The short legs end in large webbed-feet and these, along with the rudder-like tail, allow the otter to move quickly through the water. They are diurnal and semi-aquatic, and despite their clumsy appearance on land they are known to travel large distances between areas of water. Their diet is composed almost exclusively of fish. The Giant Otters live in family groups of 3 - 9 individuals, composed of a breeding pair and their offspring. They often baby sit for one another. Even in a large group, they rarely have a fight with each other. They live to be twelve years old in the wild, but can live up to twenty-one years in the zoo. Only between 2000 and 5000 of these endangered species have survived the hunt for their luxurious fur and the shrinking of their habitat. Those fortunate survivors are mostly hidden in Brazil’s remote tropical waters, but once they thrived extensively throughout the tropical rainforests of the great Amazon and in the world’s largest wetland, Pantanal (located in Brazil). The giant otters have no natural predators. Their only enemies are humans who once hunted them for their valuable fur and gold miners who unknowingly poisoned their water with mercury they used to separate their ore from the mud. The giant otter’s cousins are both the river and sea otters of North America, Europe and Africa. See photos and videos HERE. (ARKive Images of life on Earth) Picture©Laboratório de Sistemas Integráveis (LSI)-Escola Politécnica-USP.     Photo © Jenny Bernard 2005 Class Mammalia - Order Rodentia - Family Hydrocheraidae Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1766 Popular Name: Capivara (Capybara) The Capivara - Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is a semi-aquatic herbivorous animal, the largest of living rodents (related to rats and mice). It is endemic to most of the tropical and temperate parts of South America east of the Andes, and has been introduced to north-central Florida and possibly other subtropical regions in the United States. It is the only living member of the family Hydrochoeridae. In Brazil, the capybara can be found in the whole national territory. It carries out most of its activities on land, using water as a refugee. Capybaras are excellent swimmers and have partially webbed feet. Full-grown capybaras reach between 105 and 135 cm (40–55 in) in length, and weigh 35 to 65 kg (75–140 lbs) and except for their large size, are similar to guinea pigs in appearance. It ranges in colour from brown to reddish and has tough skin, which is sometimes used to make high quality leather. The eyes and ears are high on the head so they can easily be kept above water when swimming. The family group is controlled by a dominant male. Group sizes can vary according to the season, with 20 being the most usual. During the dry season when there is less open water, larger groups can form as they congregate around the remaining water. The average adult lives for less than four years in the wild, as they are a favourite food of anacondas, jaguar, puma, ocelot, eagle and caiman. In captivity they can live for 12 years. The name originally derives from the Guarani word kapiÿva, meaning roughly "master of the grasses" or, more plausibly, from Tupi kaapi ûara ("grass eater").   I made a lot of research to make this page for my personal pleasure and enjoyment as well as to inform people from all over the world who may visit my website, a little about the Brazilian fauna. I am not responsible for information which is not exact. I tried to collect as much information as possible and I made this research only in serious websites, however some of them may not contain accurate information as they may not be updated. I also translated a lot of text found in Brazilian sites, please excuse me if translation is not perfect. The links to the websites where I made researches are listed at the bottom of this page. All links were checked on July 2008. If you find a broken link it means that the page has moved or the website is no longer on line. I am sorry but I am not responsible for these external links. All the pictures displayed here were either taken by me a the zoo in 2001, 2005, 2006 and 2008, or found on the internet on the sites where I collected the information from. There was no mention to the restriction of use of these images on the websites where they were found, however, if a picture should not be displayed here without prior written consent, please contact me and I will remove it or ask for permission to use it. Thank you and hope you enjoy reading a little bit about the beautiful Brazilian fauna. Click on the bird below to see more mammals, birds and reptiles. >>>> Next page >>>>   | Back to the Brazilian Menu | This page was created on: January 5, 2007. Last updated on: July 12, 2008. [ Site Menu ] [ Home ] Resources: IBAMA, Fiocruz, MMA - Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Animals of Brazil, IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Wikipedia, Bristol Zoo, The Monkey Sanctuary, IUCN/SSC Top 25 Most Endangered Primates, Parque Ecológico São Carlos, Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo and Fundação RIO ZOO. Animal graphics by: Graphics by Irene ~ Animated cliparts found on the internet many years ago. If in the future I find out their creator's websites I will be gladly provide the credits. Some pictures were taken by me, others were found on the internet in the websites where I made those researches. They are displayed here for eduactional purposes only. Backgrounds by All Free Backgrounds ~ Light background by Rajiv's Graphics ~

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